Symptoms
Symptoms of
usually develop quickly, over a few
days to weeks, and are caused by blood sugar levels rising above the normal
range (hyperglycemia). Early symptoms may be overlooked, especially if the
person has recently had an illness, such as
. Early symptoms include:
- Frequent urination, which may be more
noticeable at night. Some young children who have learned to use the toilet may
start wetting the bed during naps or at night.
- Extreme thirst and a
dry mouth.
- Weight loss.
- Increased hunger
(possibly).
Sometimes the blood sugar level rises excessively before a
person knows something is wrong. Because insulin is not available, the cells in
the body are unable to get the sugar (glucose) they need for energy. The body
begins to break down fat and muscle for energy. When fat is used for energy,
ketones-or fatty acids-are produced and enter the bloodstream, causing the
chemical imbalance
. This is a life-threatening
condition. Symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis are:
- Flushed, hot, dry skin.
- Loss of
appetite, abdominal pain, and vomiting.
- A strong, fruity breath
odor.
- Rapid, deep breathing.
- Restlessness, drowsiness,
difficulty waking up, confusion, or coma. Young children may lack interest in
their normal activities.