Varicose veins commonly develop as we grow older, but can be
treated with exercise, support hose, or surgery.
Varicose veins are large, raised, swollen blood vessels. They
usually develop in the legs. Spider veins are smaller, red to
purple and blue dilated vessels. Spider veins are easily visible
and are found just under the skin. They are also most often seen on
the legs and thighs.
What causes varicose veins and spider veins?
A
number of factors predispose a person to varicose and spider veins.
These include:
- Heredity
- Occupations that involve a lot of standing (These include
nursing, hair styling, teaching, and working in a factory.)
- Obesity
- Hormonal influences during pregnancy
- The use of birth control pills
- Post-menopausal hormonal replacement
- A history of blood clots
- Conditions that cause increased intra-abdominal pressure
including tumors, pregnancy, constipation, and externally worn
garments like girdles
Other reported causes include topical steroids, trauma or injury
to the skin, previous venous surgery, and exposure to ultraviolet
rays.
Who is affected by varicose veins and spider
veins?
Varicose veins and spider veins develop more often
in women than in men. They increase in frequency with age. An
estimated 30 percent to 60 percent of adults have varicose veins or
spider veins.
What are the symptoms of varicose veins and spider
veins?
Many patients with varicose veins complain of pain,
described as an aching or cramping in the legs. Other common
symptoms include tiredness, restlessness, burning, throbbing,
tingling, or heaviness in the legs. Pain caused by varicose veins
is usually relieved by elevating the legs or by wearing support
hose.
In women, symptoms might be worse during the menstrual cycle or
during pregnancy. Patients also might develop swelling, ulcer
formation, and an increase in the pigmentation or color of their
skin, especially in the ankle region. Occasionally, varicose veins
may develop superficial phlebitis (inflammation of a vein) which is
characterized by pain and redness along a varicose vein.
What are the treatment options for varicose veins and spider
veins?
There are three major treatments for varicose veins
and spider veins. The most conservative approach is simply to wear
properly fitting medical grade support hose, especially when the
veins cause painful or uncomfortable symptoms. These stockings can
generally be purchased at any surgical supply store and at some
pharmacies. They come in below-the-knee, above-the-knee, and
pantyhose styles. They also come in different compressions, varying
from 15 to 20 mmHg and up to 40 to 50 mmHg.